Heart Rate Estimated from Body Movements at Six Degrees of Freedom

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Personal Trainer Certification
The six fundamental movements of major body segments are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation. Flexion is a specific type of bending movement that takes place between any two body segments. It mainly occurs at shoulders, elbows, knee joints and hips, and the best example is step ups in which flexion is seen in the knee joint areas. Extension can be defined as the increase of angle between two or more body segments (Lee & Whang 2018). Dumbbell extension is its best example that mainly occurs in elbow joints. Abduction, on the other hand, is the movement of different body sections away from their midline. The barbell lateral raises are its perfect example. Adduction is the pulling of a particular body segment toward its midline. The downward movement of the body during barbell lateral raises is its good example. Rotation is the movement of a body around its own axis, and the example of rotation is medicine ball rotational throw. Last...