Digestive System Disorders

Assignment 9.1: Digestive System Disorders
Complication

Clinical Manifestations

Underlying Pathophysiology

Dumping syndrome

Sweating, dizziness, palpitations, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, vomiting, cramping, tachycardia, and hypotension (Ma & Madura, 2015, pp. 6).

The stomach stores food and facilitates its digestion by acids and proteases in the small intestines. It also reduces in size before moving to the gastric antrum. However, after a complete or partial gastrectomy, the stomach reduces its receptiveness to food, resulting in gastric emptying or the exposure of nutrients to the small intestines (Chaves & Destefani, 2016, pp. 4).

Gallstones

Intensive pain in the lower stomach, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, pain in the back and right shoulder, discomfort in the abdomen (Ma & Madura, 2015, pp. 11).

The oversecretion of cholesterol by the liver cells resulting from rapid weight loss results in cholesterol gallstones. Cholesterol dissolves in bile salts and phospholipids, forming micelles, a compound with a polar outer surface and a center containing cholesterol. Once the bile becomes over-saturated, it forms microscopic crystals known as gallstones (Tanaja & Meer, 2017).

Protein or calorie malnutrition

Problems with one’s hair, nails, skin, muscle mass loss, poor weight gain, edema, vomiting, hearing loss, and low serum albumin levels (Ma & Madura, 2015, pp. 7).

After a gastric bypass procedure, patients adopt maladaptive eating behaviors of avoiding protein foods due to excessive vomiting. As a result, there is a surge in insufficient energy intake to meet the body’s requirements. Consequently, the body utilizes its protein stores, causing emaciation (Ma & Madura, 2015, pp. 7).

Strictures/bowel obstruction

Abdominal pain, reduced bowel function, vomiting, nausea (Hernández & Boza, 2016, pp.5).

Due to alteration of stomach’s anatomy after gastric bypass, compression of the roux occurs due to the mesocolon or hernia scarring. Thus, ingested foods and fluids, digestive juices, and gas build up above ...