LUNG CANCER

LUNG CANCER
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INTRODUCTION
This is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Bates (2012) reported that it is the biggest cancer killer in the U.K. The peak occurrence of lung cancer is at age 70-79 for both men and women. The incidence rates of lung cancer vary correlating with habits of smoking cigarettes prevalent prior to 10 years at most (Yong Yao, 2005) The primary cause of this disease is long time cigarette smoking (>85%) (PubMed Heath, 2011) followed closely by alcohol consumption. Second chain smokers can also be affected with the disease since they come into contact with most of the smoke exhaled by smokers. The people who are mostly affected are elderly men and women due to long-term smoking. There are risk factors that may increase a people’s chances of developing this disease and these include; effects of past cancer treatment, exposure to asbestos, radon gas and genetic risks (PubMed Health, 2011). In developing countries, cooking using stoves and fire has been associated with increase of cancer risk (Yong Yao, 2005)
The risk of developing lung cancer increases with the duration of tobacco smoking and also the number of cigarettes smoked. There are two types of cancers i.e. the non small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer and they are diagnosed depending on how the cells are seen under a microscope (National Cancer Institute, 2012). Non-small cell lung cancer is a term used for a group of cancers originating from the lung. It includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma (Bryan Jared, n.d.).
Non-small cell lung cancer accounts to over 80% of all lung cancer thus it is the most dangerous of all cancers manifesting itself in histology, prognosis, pathogenesis and it responds to treatments that are manufactured against lung cancer(WebMD Medical, 2010).
Common complications of lung cance...