Cell Division: Its Implications to Human Body

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In any biological setup, the process of cell division is wholly classified under two categories; mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis also known as asexual reproduction is a type of cell division where a single cell divides into daughter cells. It is comprises of five major stages which include interphase, prophase, metaphase,anaphase and telophase
Interphase the first phase of the cycle is the preparation stage. Here the DNA is copied in order to prepare for the cell division which results with two sets of chromosomes. The center of a cell is referred to as nuclei and it is accompanied by two centrosomes and each of this contains centrioles which are essential for the mitosis process.
Prophase is the second stage. The chromosome condense into an X shape that can be clearly seen from a microscope. Each chromosome contain two sister chromatids that have similar genetic materials (Bye,Modi & Stanford,2013). The chromosomes pair up together where chromosomes 1 are together and chromosome two are also together. The membrane surrounding the nucleus dissolves releasing the chromosomes. The mitotic spindles extend across the centrioles as they separate to the opposite poles.
Metaphase is the third stage of phase and here the chromosomes line up neatly across the equator of the cell. This lining up provides the basis upon which further process of cell division can occur, in such a way that there can be multiple copies from the process itself. The centrioles being at opposite side of each other the spindles extend and attach to the sister chromatids.
Anaphase is the fourth of the five stages the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the mitotic spindle to the two opposite poles.
Finally Telophase in this stage we see that at the different side of the pole there is a full set of the chromosomes and a membrane surrounds each set of the chromosomes forming a nucleus. The single cells the circle back to the center forming a full set of daughter cells containing a full set of chromosomes in a nucleus a process known as cytokinesis.
The second type of Cell division is known as Meiosis. It is also known as sexual cell reproduction. Here the cell divides twice to produce four cells that contain half of the original amount of the genetic information. One daughter cell divides to form four daughter cells. The process has nine stages. These stages are then divides into two Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 11.
Interphase the first phase of the cycle is the preparation stage. Here the DNA is copied in order to prepare for the cell division which results with two sets of chromosomes. The center of a cell is referred to as a nuclei and it is accompanied by two centrosomes and each of this contains centrioles which are essential for the mitosis process. In this stage microtubules are extended from the centrosomes.
Prophase is the second stage. The chromosome condense into an X shape that can be clearly seen from a microscope. Each chromosome contain two sister chromatids that have similar genetic materials. The chromosomes pair up together where chromosomes 1 are together and chromosome two are also together (Bye,Modi & Stanford,2013). The membrane surrounding the nucleus dissolves re...