Political Subdivisions of Police Governmental Powers

Political Subdivisions of Police Governmental powers per Federalism, including the specific U.S. Constitution Amendments that established their Powers, as well as the significant historical events, which helped orchestrate America's move toward Law Enforcement.
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Introduction
Police power is basically the right of governments to initiate laws and regulations for the eventual benefit of their communities. In the United States, the right to make laws on police power lies on the individual states (Free Dictionary, 2015). The federal government is only limited to make laws on specific grants of power as laid down in the constitution. In addition, the states can make laws governing health, safety, morals and welfare as based on the Tenth Amendment. The state legislatures normally exercise their police powers through various means including enactment of statutes and delegation of powers to cities, villages, towns and counties. Police power may include the right to create police forces and is also the basis for enacting laws on land use, zoning, gambling, fire and building codes, liquor discrimination, parking, licensing of professionals, crime, sanitation, schooling, bicycles, nuisances and motor vehicles.
If a law does not lead to promotion of safety, health or community welfare it may lead to an unconstitutional deprivation of liberty, life or property. A statute enacted as a result of police power may lead to a taking which occurs when a government directly or indirectly deprives a person of property or disturbs his or her enjoyment of property. Federalism is a government system by which the same territory is controlled by two levels of government. The national government in federalism normally governs issues affecting the entire country while smaller subdivisions govern local issues (Free Dictionary, 2015). This paper looks into political subdivisions of police governmental powers per federalism in the U.S., including the specific U. S. Constitution Amendments that established their powers, as well as the significant historical events, which helped orchestrate America's move toward law enforcement.
A Brief History of American Police
The history of policing in America goes back to the 15th century and has ever since been full of historical events that helped shape the evolution of the force in terms of its work and practices. Policing in American can be traced heavily on the British influence although it rapidly grew towards a different direction over time(Regilme, 2015). In the year 1285, the Statute of Winchester in England was established and with it began the first police force. Later each of the English counties had a Comes Stabuli or simply a Constable put in place by the king to act as a law enforcer or magistrate. This constable appointed a Shire Reeve or simply Sheriff as an assistant. The Shire Reeve would direct a community to apprehend a criminal. In America, the Puritans came with them the Sheriffs, Constables and Watches who acted as the initial policing apparatus in the early colonial days of America (Turner, 2015). The positions acted more as reactive as proactive and fees were paid to the watchmen and sheriffs for specific duties. Since they had no extra...