Sociology in the Global South - An Analysis of a Primary Source of Asia, Latin America, and/or the Caribbean

Apartheid in South Africa
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Introduction
South Africa is believed to be the most developed nation in Africa. It is a nation rich in arable farmlands, natural resources including being the world-leading excavator of diamonds and gold. Just like other African countries, South Africa went through severe colonial times under the Boers and the British. The South African nation is among the last to have chosen a native president, towards the end of the twentieth centenary. It is also amongst the most open countries in Africa due to its proper and highly refined infrastructure, giving it global renown. However, the history of South Africa is unfinished without mentioning their method of colonization known as apartheid. The subject of apartheid is a delicate one as it deals with a superior mode of racism. Inarguably, apartheid system gave South Africa its status, but how did it impact the lives of the citizens and how did it contribute to economic growth and development? Researchers argue that without that type of colonial system, the country could not be the same; its discrete ideologies, way of politics, and its overall uniqueness make it a one of a kind civilization in Africa. The apartheid system reshaped South Africa in all circles of influence from the economic, political to sociocultural perspectives.
Theory Section
The word 'Apartheid' is an Afrikaans word denoting 'apartness'. It was a method that was used by the National Party in South Africa, overseeing relations between the white minority and non-white majority. The Apartheid system endorsed racial dissociation in the social strata of South Africa's society, intensifying economic and political prejudice among the whites, natives, and the coloreds. A policy that ensured torder of the citizens into Bantu (native blacks), colored (mixed race), and white (the British, Boers, Jews, Swiss among other Europeans). The fourth division of Asians was later incorporated (Beinart & Dubow, 1995; n.p.).
The Pan-African Theory
The Pan-African theories compel the ideology that people of African lineage have a shared concern and should be united. Pan-Africanists played a great role in their quest for ending the apartheid practice in South Africa. Various literatures portray the prospects of Pan Africanists and how they thought about colonialism. These theories will help probe the given narratives which contain cases of racism and apartheid, as witnessed in firsthand accounts of the victims.
Aime Cesaire has exposed the irony of colonialism in the book Discourse on Colonialism. He defines colonization as a bridgehead in a drive to spearhead civilization. In his works, Cesaire predicates on the reasons the Europeans gave in the pretext for colonization. A Reverend Muller alleged that humanity would not tolerate the ineptitude and negligence of barbarian people to leave idle the resources God has consigned them. In his justification of colonialism, he claims that the Europeans were just doing God's work by exploiting that which the owners have been unable to exploit (Cesaire, 1972; 39).
Franz Fanon echoes Cesaire's sentiments by separating the colonist and the natives in the view of Europeans. Fanon delineates colonial rule into two compartments:...