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Chronic Obtrusive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Health & Medicine Essay

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I need 4pages paper in APA format and a reference page. You need to go to the website healthypeople2020.gov select the respiratory diseases under the letter R. read the whole thing and find a journal article not old than 5yrs on the basis of the thing you read and how you would promote health regarding respiratory disease. the journal must be a source from chamberlain library. I will give you ID and password once the writer is assigned. you can use 2 or 3 different journal to create a paper. other information will be attached further. The similarity for plagiarism free paper is less than 11%.

 

CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE (6 th edition) ED Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 1 GUIDELINES FOR WRITING PROFESSIONAL PAPERS Adapted from: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) (6 th edition) Each student at Chamberlain College of Nursing is required to purchase the APA Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. This document is intended to be ONLY a summary of important points. It is NOT an exhaustive resource of the APA style for writing professional papers. GENERAL GUIDELINES: 1. Successful professional nursing practice requires the ability to effectively communicate both verbally and in writing. The purpose of the APA requirements, as well as all rules of grammar and spelling, is to facilitate clear, professional, written communication. 2. In addition to the APA requirements, there may be course-specific requirements for written assignments. The student should be careful to understand all requirements for written assignments. TYPING INSTRUCTIONS (PP. 228-229) 1. Use Times Roman 12-point font. 2. Double-space between all lines of the manuscript (including the title page, headings, text, references, and appendices). 3. Margins should be 1 inch on all sides (top, bottom, left, and right sides). 4. Justification (alignment) should be flush-left so that the right margin is uneven. 5. All pages should be numbered consecutively, beginning with the title page and continuing through the references and appendices. The page number should be placed in the upper right corner of the header section of each page. 6. The title of the paper should be repeated at the beginning of the second page, centered, in uppercase and lower case letters. 7. Indent the first line of every paragraph one-half inch. For consistency, use the TAB key set at 0.5 inch. ORDER OF PAPER (PP. 23–25 AND 229–230; SAMPLE PAPER BEGINS ON PAGE 41) 1. Title page: The content of the title page for papers written at CCN is slightly different from the APA guidelines. The title page for all course papers includes these elements. a. Running head: This is an abbreviated title (no more than 50 characters including punctuation and spacing) of the paper. The running head is placed at the left margin in the header of the title page on the same line as the page number. Example: Running head: DISCHARGE PLANNING b. Title Block is typed in upper and lowercase letters, centered horizontally, and located in the upper half of the page. i. Title should summarize the main idea of the paper. If the title is more than one line, it is double-spaced. ii. Author’s name (author byline): Your full name typed in uppercase and lowercase letters, centered. Do not list titles, degrees, or licensure. iii. Institutional affiliation (Chamberlain College of Nursing) CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE (6 th edition) ED Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 2 iv. The course number and name v. The date (semester and year). vi. Author note (not used in CCN papers unless instructed otherwise) 2. Abstract: The abstract is not used in CCN papers unless otherwise instructed. The abstract is a short, but comprehensive summary of the paper. 3. Body of the paper: a. Header: Type the running head (without the label “Running head”) flush left in the header. The page numbers continue from the title page in the upper right corner. Use Microsoft Word ® 2007 or later “Insert Page number” function in the header to automatically insert the correct page number on each page. b. Introduction: Begin with a short introduction describing the importance and key concepts of the paper. The introduction does not require a heading. However, include “Introduction” as a heading if required in the assignment guidelines. c. Main content: Professional papers are written clearly, concisely, and in third person. See Writing Style on pages 65-86. 4. References: Start on a new page. There should be a citation in the body of the paper that refers to each reference and there should be a reference for each citation. 5. Appendices (if used): Start each appendix on a new page. HEADINGS (PP. 62–63) Headings are used to separate major sections of a paper. For most papers, three levels are sufficient. Example: First Level Headings: Boldface, Centered Uppercase and Lowercase Second Level Heading: Flush Left, Boldface, Italicized, Uppercase and Lowercase Third level: Indented, boldface, uppercase first letter then lowercase with period. ABBREVIATIONS (PP. 106-111) 1. Abbreviations or acronyms that appear as word entries in a dictionary do not need explanation in text. Do not use periods. Example: ACTH AIDS ANA IQ CBC WBC 2. Other abbreviations or acronyms must be spelled out in the text only the first time used. Example: nurse practitioner (NP) 3. Standard Latin abbreviations are used in parentheses. Spell them out in the text. USED IN PARENTHESES USED IN TEXT e.g., for example i.e., that is, , etc. , and so forth vs. versus, against 4. Do not abbreviate units of time. Type out: day, week, month, and year. NUMBERS (PP. 111–115) Write out the word for the number to express numbers 0 to 9 and any number that begins a sentence. Use Arabic numerals to express: 1. Numbers 10 or greater; there are many exceptions to this rule, see the Manual. 2. Ages Example: 2-year-old girl CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE (6 th edition) ED Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 3 3. Scores and points on a scale Example: The patient complained of moderately severe pain: 6 on a 0 to 10 scale. CREDITING SOURCES (PP. 169-192) PARAPHRASED CONTENT While not a requirement, it is good practice to provide the page or paragraph number of long works so that the reader can find the original work. (p. 172) QUOTED CONTENT (PP. 170–173) Papers written for CCN should be your original work and contain no more than 3 to 5% quoted words. Quotes should be avoided if at all possible. See guidelines and rubric for each assignment to be sure. Consult with your instructor if unclear. When using three or more consecutive words of a source, cite it as a direct quote except when it is an accepted name, such as a disorder or procedure. For example, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the American Heart Association do NOT need quotation marks. Body of text 1. Short Quotes: Quotes fewer than 40 words should have quotation marks. Example 1: When the blood flow through the heart is disturbed, “harsh, blowing sounds” (D’Amico & Barbarito, 2007, p. 431) called heart murmurs are created. Example 2: A woman’s left ventricle has “about 10% less mass compared to that of a male” (D’Amico & Barbarito, 2007, p. 428). 2. Long Quotes: Quotes of 40 or more words are displayed as block quotes Block quotes are: a. double spaced and begin on a new line. b. Indent the block 0.5 inch, the same as the first line of a paragraph. c. No quotation marks are used. d. End the quote with a period and then the author, year, page/paragraph in parentheses. e. Long quotes are discouraged. Example: When visiting Missouri, there are a number of attractions which should not be overlooked. The largest of these attractions is the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, more commonly known as the Gateway Arch. The Arch, on the western banks of the Mississippi River in St. Louis, ranks with skyline features like the Statue of Liberty, the Washington Monument and the Eiffel Tower. It is the fourth most visited tourist attraction on earth. Block Quote Body of text In addition to being the eighth wonder of the world, the Arch is a magnet for thrill seekers….Such was the case on June 23, 1966, when a small aircraft flew through the legs of the Arch, from east to west. This prompted the Park Service to install surveillance cameras to deter future barnstormers. (Strait, 2008, p. 102) The cameras have not deterred the misguided thrill seekers. Five small airplanes, men wearing parachutes and even one man climbing with suction cups have assaulted the legs of the monument. Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 4 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED 3. Alternate citing styles: If the source of the quote is stated in the sentence before the block quote, only the page or paragraph number is needed at the end. Example: Body of text Strait (2008) stated that no one should miss visiting the smallest national park, the Gateway Arch. Block quote with author in the body of the text. The Arch, on the western banks of the Mississippi River in St. Louis, ranks with skyline features like the Statue of Liberty, the Washington Monument and the Eiffel Tower. It is the fourth most visited tourist attraction on earth. (p. 102) 4. Quotes from Online Material without Page Numbers. a. Many websites do not have page numbers. If paragraph numbers are visible, use them. Identify them using the abbreviation para. Example: Parker (2010) noted that “researchers speculate that Parkinson’s may take a bigger toll on neural circuits involved in recognizing negative emotions” (para. 5). b. Some websites have headings but no page or paragraph numbers. In this case, use the heading and the number of the paragraph below the heading. Example: “Cat allergen can remain in a house for an average of 20 weeks after an animal is removed” (Konrad, 2010, Eliminate the Source section, para. 2). c. Other websites have no visible paragraph or page numbers and headings are too long to use successfully. Use a short version of the heading enclosed in quotation marks. Example: The heading is “Study Says Undersea Release of Methane Is Under Way” According to Dean (2010), “undersea permafrost is sending surprising amounts of methane into the atmosphere” (“Undersea Release of Methane,” para. 5). CITING REFERENCES IN TEXT (PP. 174–179) Cite the author(s) and date of each source used in your paper. There are two styles to cite authors: author within the text and author at the end of text. This allows some variation in sentence construction to improve readability. Each work cited in the text must have a corresponding entry in the Reference page. Each entry on the Reference page must have a citation in the text. 1. Single author (p. 174) a. If the name of the author appears as part of the narrative, cite only the publication year in the parentheses. Example: Boyd (1999) recommended that the nurse turn the immobilized patient every two hours. b. If the author’s name is not used in your sentence, cite both the author’s name and publication date separated by a comma and in the parentheses at the end of the sentence. Do not include the author’s initials, suffixes, or credentials (Jr. Sr., RN, Dr., PhD, etc.) Example: The nurse should turn the immobilized client every two hours (Boyd, 1999). 2. Two authors (p. 175) a. When a work has two authors, cite both names every time the citation is used. Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 5 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED b. Use the word “and” to join the names when given within the narrative. Example: Dickoff and James (1999) wrote an unnecessarily complicated explanation of the role of theories in nursing practice. c. Use an ampersand (&) to join the names when given in parentheses. Example: A complicated explanation of the role of theories in nursing practice has been written (Dickoff & James, 1999). 3. Three, four, or five authors (p. 175) Cite all authors the first time the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, include only the surname of the first author followed by “et al.” and the year of publication. Example: (First citation): Lewis, Heitkemper, and Dirksen (2000) stated that ACTH has its effect on the adrenal gland. Example: (Subsequent citations in different paragraphs): When too much ACTH is produced, the patient experiences many changes (Lewis et al., 2000). 4. Six or more authors (p. 175) Cite only the surname of the first author followed by “et al.” and the year of publication. All authors are listed in the entry in the reference list. Example: Most students in the Millennial Generation are already familiar with podcasts and blogs, devices like cell phones and iPods, and social networking sites like YouTube and MySpace (Kelly et al., 2010). 5. Two or more works by different authors who are cited within the same parentheses (p. 177) List the authors in alphabetical order by the first author’s surname. Separate the citations with semicolons. Example: Several studies (Ferrell & Abbott, 1999; McCaffery, 1998; Pace & Mahon, 2001) suggested that documentation related to the experience of pain is incomplete. 6. No author (p. 176) Cite in the text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. If the reference is an article or book chapter or webpage, use double quotation marks around the title. If the reference is a periodical, book, brochure, or report, italicize the title. Example for an article: Alcoholism is a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases (“Alcoholism Hurts,” 2009). Example for a book: It is important for patients with cancer to maintain close relationships (General Care for Cancer, 1998). 7. Groups as authors (p. 176) • Spell out the entire name when used in a text citation. • After the first citation, use an abbreviation if it is well known Example: (First citation): The American Nurses Association (ANA) supports the baccalaureate degree as the preferred credential for professional nurses. Example: (Subsequent citation): The recommendation concerning the baccalaureate degree as the entry for professional nursing practice had three components (ANA, 1964). 5. Secondary Sources (p.178) A secondary source is when you paraphrase material found in another article and you cannot access the original article. For example, if Smith’s work is cited in Johnson’s article and you did Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 6 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED not read Smith, list only Johnson’s work in the reference list. This should be done only rarely. In the text, cite as: Smith stated (as cited in Johnson, 2010)… 6. Personal Communications (p. 179) Personal communications include memos, letters, emails, personal interviews, and telephone conversations. Because these items are not retrievable, they are not included in the reference list. Cite personal communications in the text: A.R. Lucas (personal communication, February 15, 2010) (A.R. Lucas, personal communication, February 15, 2010) REFERENCE LIST (PP. 180-192) • Provides the information necessary for the reader to retrieve each source. • Starts on a new page. The word “References” (no quotation marks) is centered on the first line, but NOT boldfaced as it is not considered a heading. • Is double-spaced with the first line of each entry at the left margin and all other lines indented 0.5 inches. Use the Hanging Indent function (found under ParagraphIndentation Special) in Microsoft Word 2007 ® . • Is not numbered. • All sources cited in text must appear in the reference list, and each entry in the reference list must be cited in text. ORDER OF REFERENCES (PP. 181-183) 1. In general, the order of references is alphabetical with the following additional rules: a. Alphabetize letter by letter and remember that “nothing precedes something” Example: Bird precedes Brown, and Brown precedes Browning. b. Alphabetize the prefixes M’, Mac, and Mc literally. 2. Multiple entries for the same author are arranged by year of publication, the earliest first. 3. If references with the same author and published in the same year, arrange them alphabetically by title (omitting “A” or “The”) and use lowercase letters after the date (1998a) to differentiate the references. This lowercase letter is also used in the text citation. 4. Group authors (e.g., American Heart Association) are alphabetized by the first significant name. For example, The Rehabilitation Institute would be alphabetized under “R” not “T.” A parent body precedes a subdivision (e.g., University of Michigan, Department of Nursing). 5. If the work has no author, move the title to the first position (in lieu of author) and alphabetize by the first significant word of the title. REFERENCE FORMAT COMPONENTS OF A REFERENCE (P. 184) 1. Authors a. List authors by last name and then initials for all authors, up to and including seven authors, using the following punctuation example: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., & Author, D.D. b. Spell out the full name of group authors like American Nurses Association. Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 7 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED 2. Editors a. Place editors’ names in the author’s position followed by (Ed.) or (Eds.) after the last editor’s name: Editor, A. A. & Editor, B. B. (Eds.). b. For chapters or articles in an edited book, list the editor after the title, but preceded by the word “In”. Do not invert the editor’s name. Example: Author, A. A. (2010). Title of chapter. In A. A. Editor (Ed.), Title of book (pp. xx-xx). Location: Publisher. 3. Date a. Enclose the year of publication in parentheses followed by a period. Example: (2010). b. If no date is available, use: (n.d.). c. For newspapers, magazines, and newsletters, use the full date of publication in the format: (2010, January 10). 4. Title a. Article or chapter title: Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title, subtitle, and any proper nouns. Do not italicize or place in quote marks. End with a period. b. Periodical title: Journals, newsletters, and magazines. Use full periodical name in upper and lower case letters and italicized c. Nonperiodical title: Books and reports. Capitalize the first letter of the first word of the title, subtitle, and proper nouns. Italicize the entire title. 5. Publication Information a. Periodicals: Journals, newsletters, and magazines. Follow the publication title with a comma and then the volume number, italicized. Do not label the volume number with v. or Vol. with the number. i. If there is an issue number, include it in parentheses following the volume number. Do not italicize OR space before parentheses. ii. Follow with comma and page numbers (without p.). Example: American Journal of Nursing, 84(2), 15-19. b. Nonperiodicals: Books and reports. Give the location (city and state) where published as noted on the title page. i. Use the two letter abbreviation for the state. ii. Follow with a colon and the name of the publisher and a period. iii. If the author is also the publisher, use Author to indicate publisher. Example: New York, NY: Prentice Hall. PRINT MATERIAL EXAMPLES (see Chapter 7 for additional examples.) All references must be double spaced. Single space is used here to conserve paper. The General Format for reference type is given at the beginning of the example. 1. Periodical, one author, continuously paged, so there are no issue numbers. General form: Author, A. A. (date). Title of article. Name of the Journal, Vol#, xxx-xxx. Mellers, B. A. (2000). Choice and relative consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 910-924. 2. Periodical, two authors, paginated by issue (each issue of a journal begins on page 1) Jones, M. J., & Palmer, S. (1993). Developmental considerations for adolescents with diabetes mellitus. RN, 62(2), 10-36. 3. General form: Author, A. A. (date). Title of article. Name of the Journal, Vol#(issue), xx-xx. Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 8 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED 4. Periodical, three to six authors Saywitz, K. J., Mannarino, A. P., & Berliner, L. (2001). Elderly patients and driving safety. Gerontological Nursing, 27, 213-227. 5. Periodical, more than seven authors List the first six authors, then use three ellipsis points (…), then add the name of the last author. 6. Entire book (NOTE: the name of the publisher is given in brief form – you may leave off designations such as “Co.”, “Inc.” Author, A. A. (date). Title of book: Subtitle. Location: Publisher Hope, S. H. (1999). Helping minds: Nurse utilization in America. New York, NY: Atheneum. 7. Book with edition Author, A. A. (date). Title of book (X th ed.). Location: Publisher. Jersey, M. (1997). Diagnosing the needs of the elderly (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott. 8. Book with editor: Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (date). Title of book. Location: Publisher. Scott, W., & Jeffers, H. (Eds.). (2000). Maternal infant care: Principles and practice. Springhill, PA: Praeger. 9. Chapter in an edited book: Author, A. A. (date). Chapter title. In A. Editor (Ed.). Title of book. (pp. xx-xx) Location: Publisher. Becker, A. (1997). Patient teaching. In R. Jennings & M. E. McQueen (Eds.), Care of patients with immobility (pp. 309-330). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. 10. Book with a corporate author and author as publisher American Cancer Society. (2001). Understanding the implications of genetic testing for the patient with cancer. Washington, DC: Author. 11. Book with no author or editor Title of book (X th ed.). (date). Location: Publisher. Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1999). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. 12. Brochure American Association of Rehabilitation Nurses. (2001). Guidelines for caring for patients with disabilities (4th ed.) [Brochure]. Lawrence, KS: Author. REFERENCE FORMAT: ELECTRONIC MEDIA (PP. 187-192) 1. When using material obtained from the Internet, in order to obtain accurate and objective information, be very careful to choose material that is written by health care professionals or reviewed by professional health care organizations. If there is any doubt about the appropriateness of a source, verify the material with your instructor. 2. At a minimum, a reference of an Internet source should provide a document title or description, a date (either the date of publication or update or the data of retrieval), and an address (in Internet terms, a uniform resource locator or URL). Whenever possible, identify the authors of a document as well. 3. If the material is obtained from an online database like EBSCO, ERIC, CINAHL, or ProQuest, it is no longer necessary to list the database. 4. Retrieval date is no longer necessary except for sites like wikis or blogs that change frequently. 5. “Retrieved from…” is only used when the information is available from an online journal, magazine, newsletter or directly from the webpage. Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 9 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED 6. Copy and paste the URL from the original web page to a Word document and keep notes on the content of the site. When you use that material from that webpage, copy and paste the URL into your reference. Do not use a hyphen if it is necessary to break the URL across lines. MS Word will break the line for you without disrupting the URL. Do not put a period at the end of the URL so that it is not misinterpreted as part of the URL. 7. Test the URL to make sure the link correctly directs the reader to the correct web page. Press the Enter key at the end of the URL in your reference entry so it will be hyperlinked. 8. Use (n.d.) (meaning no date) when a publication date is not available. Be sure to look at the footer at very bottom of a web page. It frequently contains a copyright date or “Updated” date. DOI: DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (PP. 188–191) Read these pages for information about finding and linking the DOI. 1. When a DOI is used in references, the format is: doi:xxxxx.xxx. The number and arrangement of numbers and letters will vary with each DOI. 2. Copy and paste the DOI whenever possible to prevent typographical errors. General Format References List Text Citation Journal Article Retrieved from Publisher’s Website 3 authors, paginated by issue, with DOI (p.198) Without DOI (use publisher’s home URL) West, A., French, J., & Smith, G. (2010). A SWOT analysis of nursing education in Australia. Nursing Educator, 18(1), 35-46. doi:10.1167/02615347020028364 West, A., French, J., & Smith, G. (2010). A SWOT analysis of nursing education in Australia. Nursing Educator, 18(1), 35-46. Retrieved from www(dot)nursingeducator(dot)com (West, French, & Smith, 2010) If direct quote: (West, French, & Smith, 2010, p. 37) Journal article From article database like CINAHL or EBSCO, with DOI (p.198) Without DOI Peters, T. (2008). Pain management: Do nonpharmaceutical methods really work? Pain Management, 20(6), 55-65. doi:10.1095/1167-9225.20.2.12 Peters, T. (2008). Pain management: Do nonpharmaceutical methods really work? Pain Management, 20(6), 55-65. (Peters, 2008) Journal article From online periodical [Internet only], no DOI (p.199) Smart, T. J., & Josten, N. S. (2008). Emotional intelligence and self-esteem. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 8(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs(dot)lib(dot)swin(dot)edu(dot)au/index.php/ejap (Smart & Josten, 2008) Magazine article From article database, no DOI (p.200) Heather, W. A., & Marsh, N. S. (2005, April 9). Beyond the melting pot. Time, 135, 28-31. (Heather & Marsh, 2005) Magazine article From magazine’s publisher’s site Collins, R. (2005, September 12). Social Security fund robbery. Business Week, 45-47. Retrieved from http://www(dot)businessweek(dot)com/ (Collins, 2005) Chamberlain Guidelinesfor Writing Professional Papers.pdf [Revised 01-8-13 hf] 10 CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE OF NURSING CCN APA CITATION GUIDE 6 ED General Format References List Text Citation Newspaper article Retrieved from database; Discontinuous pages (p.200) Wash, T. (2007, December 10). Changes in Medicare affect the poor. The American Journal, pp. A1, A8. (Wash, 2007) Online Newspaper article No author. (p.200) Leaks from Ameren toxic waste pond in Labadie stir fears. (2011, September 1). STL Today. Retrieved from http://www(dot)stltoday(dot)com/business/local/article_ 1077fe32-0c9c-5bbf-a2df-27aaf6499ad5.html (“Leaks from Ameren”, 2011) WEB SITES General info (pp.187-192) General Format (include available elements) Personal or Corporate Author (if known). (Last update or copyright date; if not known, put n.d.). Title of specific document. Retrieved from URL of specific document [include a retrieval date only if the information is likely to change over time, i.e., a wiki or blog] General Format (Author, Year) If no author: (Title, Year) If direct quote: (Author, Year, page or para. #) Web page General Brown, J. (2009). A brief historical survey of nursing writers. Retrieved from http://www(dot)cwrl(dot)com/~ted/Ted/sf/history.h tml (Brown, 2009, para.12) Web page from a Wiki No author, retrieval date included Health Care. (n.d.). In LexiNexis. Retrieved September 14, 2011 from http://wiki(dot)lexisnexis(dot)com/academic/index.php ?titleHealth_Care (Health Care, n.d.) Web page University site, no date (p.206) Johns, K. A., & Beck, J. A. (n.d.). New indicators for Parkinsons. Retrieved from Washington University Medical School website: http://www(dot)WUMS(dot)edu/alma/4563.htm (Johns & Beck, n.d.) Government Document (p.205) National Institute of Health, National Institute of Child Health & Human Development. (2008). What are AIDS and HIV? Retrieved from http://www(dot)nichd(dot)nih(dot)gov/health/topics/aidshi v.cf (NIH, 2008) Lecture Notes Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2011). NR351 Transitions in Professional Nursing: Week 5 lesson. [PowerPoint slides]. St. Louis, MO: Online Publication. Chamberlain College of Nursing (2011) stated… (CCN, 2011). E-books (p.203) Porter, S. (2010). Leadership style. [ebrary Reader version]. Retrieved from http://www(dot)ebrary(dot)com/corp/ (Porter, 2010) Audio Podcast (p.210) Porter, S. (Producer). (2009, December 15). Servant leadership [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www(dot)LeadershipStyles(dot)com/ (Porter, 2009) YouTube Video (p.215) Chamberlain College of Nursing. (n.d.). History of Chamberlain College of Nursing [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www(dot)youtube(dot)com/watch?v=9ZxtFxZD gv (CCN, n.d.)

 

1 NR222 Health and Wellness Required Uniform Assignment: Health Promotion Paper Guidelines NR222 Health Promotion Project Guidelines V3.docx Revised: 05/2019 11 Purpose This assignment allows the learner to apply knowledge gained about health promotion concepts and strategies, enhance written communication skills, and demonstrate a beginning understanding of cultural competency. Course outcomes: This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes: 1. Discuss the professional nurse’s role in health promotion activities. (PO 1 and 2) 3. Discuss health promotion, illness prevention, health maintenance, health restoration, and rehabilitation in relation to the nurse’s role in working with various populations. (PO 1, 2, and 8) 7. Identify health promotion strategies throughout the life span. (PO 1, 2, and 4) Due date: Your faculty member will inform you when this assignment is due. The Late Assignment Policy applies to this assignment. Total points possible: 100 points Preparing the assignment Follow these guidelines when completing this assignment. Speak with your faculty member if you have questions. 1) Identify a health problem or need for health promotion for a particular stage in the life span of a population from a specific culture in your area. 2) Choose one of the Leading Health Indicators (LHI) priorities from Healthy People 2020: https://www(dot)healthypeople(dot)gov/2020/Leading-Health-Indicators 3) Research a topic related to health and wellness associated with one of the Healthy People 2020 topic areas. 4) Submit your topic to the instructor for approval at least 2 weeks prior to the final assignment due date, but earlier if desired. All topics must be approved. 5) You will develop an educational health promotion project addressing the population/culture in your area. 6) Use TurnItIn in time to make any edits that might be necessary based on the Similarity Index prior to submitting your paper to your faculty. Consult with your faculty about the acceptable Similarity Index for this paper. 7) For writing assistance (APA, formatting, or grammar) visit the Citation and Writing Assistance: Writing Papers at CU page in the online library. 8) Include the following sections (detailed criteria listed below and in the Grading Rubric). a. Introduction and Conclusion- 15 points/15% • Introduction establishes the purpose of the paper and describes why topic is important to health promotion in the target population in your area. • Introduction stimulates the reader’s interest. • Conclusion includes the main ideas from the body of the paper. • Conclusion includes the major support points from the body of the paper. b. Relate Topic to Target Population- 25 points/25% • Describes the topic and target cultural population. • Includes statistics to support significance of the topic. • Explains how the project relates to the selected Healthy People 2020 topic area. • Applies health promotion concepts. c. Summary of Articles- 25 points/25% • A minimum of three (3) scholarly articles, from the last 5 years, are used as sources. • Articles meet criteria of being from scholarly journals and include health promotion and wellness content. • At least one article is related to the chosen cultural group. • Summaries all key points and findings from the articles. • Includes statistics to support significance of the topic. 2 NR222 Health and Wellness Required Uniform Assignment: Health Promotion Paper Guidelines NR222 Health Promotion Project Guidelines V3.docx Revised: 05/2019 21 • Discusses how information from the articles is used in the Health Promotion Project, including specific examples. d. Health Promotion Discussion - 25 points/25% • Describes approaches to educate the target population about the topic. • The approaches are appropriate for the cultural target population. • Identifies specific ways to promote lifestyle changes within the target population. • Applies health promotion strategies. e. APA Style and Organization - 10 points/10% • TurnItIn is used prior to submitting paper for grading. • Revisions are made based on TurnItIn originality report. • References are submitted with assignment. • Uses appropriate APA format (6th ed.) and is free of errors. • Grammar and mechanics are free of errors. • Paper is 3-4 pages, excluding title and reference pages. • Information is organized around required components and flows in a logical sequence. NR222 Health and Wellness Required Uniform Assignment: Health Promotion Project Guidelines NR222 Health Promotion Project Guidelines V3.docx Revised: 05/2019 31 Grading Rubric Criteria are met when the student’s application of knowledge within the paper demonstrates achievement of the outcomes for this assignment. Assignment Section and Required Criteria (Points possible/% of total points available) Highest Level of Performance High Level of Performance Satisfactory Level of Performance Unsatisfactory Level of Performance Section not present in paper Introduction and Conclusion (15 points/15%) 15 points 13 points 12 points 8 points 0 points Required criteria 1. Introduction establishes the purpose of the paper and describes why topic is important to health promotion in the target population in your area. 2. Introduction stimulates the reader’s interest. 3. Conclusion includes the main ideas from the body of the paper. 4. Conclusion includes the major support points from the body of the paper. Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 2 requirements for section. Includes 1 or fewer requirements for section. No requirements for this section presented. Relate Topic to Target Population (25 points/25%) 25 points 20 points 15 points 10 points 0 points Required criteria 1. Describes the topic and target cultural population. 2. Includes statistics to support significance of the topic. 3. Explains how the project relates to the selected Healthy People 2020 topic area. 4. Applies health promotion concepts. Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section. Includes no less than 2 requirements for section. Includes 1 or fewer requirements for section. No requirements for this section presented. Summary of Articles (25 points/25%) 25 points 23 points 21 points 10 points 0 points Required criteria 1. A minimum of three (3) scholarly articles, from the last 5 years, are used as sources. 2. Articles meet criteria of being from scholarly journals and include health promotion and wellness content. 3. At least one article is related to the chosen cultural Includes no fewer than 6 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 5 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section. Includes 1-3 requirements for section. No requirements for this section presented. NR222 Health and Wellness Required Uniform Assignment: Health Promotion Project Guidelines NR222 Health Promotion Project Guidelines V3.docx Revised: 05/2019 41 group. 4. Summaries all key points and findings from the articles. 5. Includes statistics to support significance of the topic. 6. Discusses how information from the articles is used in the Health Promotion Project, including specific examples. Health Promotion Discussion (25 points/25%) 25 points 23 points 21 points 10 points 0 points Required criteria 1. Describes approaches to educate the target population about the topic. 2. The approaches are appropriate for the cultural target population. 3. Identifies specific ways to promote lifestyle changes within the target population. 4. Applies health promotion strategies. Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 2 requirements for section. Includes 1 or fewer requirement for section. No requirements for this section presented. APA Style and Organization (10 points/10%) 10 points 9 points 8 points 4 points 0 points Required criteria 1. TurnItIn is used prior to submitting paper for grading. 2. Revisions are made based on TurnItIn originality report. 3. References are submitted with assignment. 4. Uses appropriate APA format (6th ed.) and is free of errors. 5. Grammar and mechanics are free of errors. 6. Paper is 3-4 pages, excluding title and reference pages. 7. Information is organized around required components and flows in a logical sequence. Includes no fewer than 7 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 6 requirements for section. Includes no fewer than 5 requirements for section. Includes 1-4 requirements for section. No requirements for this section presented. Total Points Possible = 100 points

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Chronic Obtrusive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma CITATION Mel15 \l 1033 (Abramovitz, 2015). Emphysema refers to the damage of the alveoli in such a way that the air sacs coalesce and form larger sacs, the efficiency of the lungs is affected since larger alveoli sacs do not absorb oxygen as well. Chronic bronchitis is the damage to the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes swell and the patient coughs because of loss of cilia in the bronchial tubes. Cilia push mucus out of the bronchial tubes and therefore lack of cilia leads to repeated coughing which irritates the bronchial tubes and makes them be swollen. These problems cumulatively lead to less air reaching the lungs. Refractory asthma is a type of asthma that does not respond to medication designed to open up the bronchial airways. Each of these diseases has a common symptom; breathlessness. COPD is progressive and incurable hence primary interventions to avoid contracting the disease are the best way to reduce the fatalities that come with COPD. However, with an early correct diagnosis, patients can lead healthy and relatively normal lives if they promptly follow the COPD management guidelines from their doctors.
Symptoms
Some of the hallmark signs or symptoms of COPD are; increased shortness of breath mainly from a short exercise. Frequent coughing without sputum. Frequent coughing without mucus/sputum signifies to the deterioration of the efficacy of the cilia lining the bronchial tubes as they are unable to push much our of the airways. Wheezing/tightness of the chest is also associated with COPD.
How to promote health awareness on COPD
COPD is fatal condition that affects and kills hundreds of thousands of Americans each year. COPD killed 142,000 people in US in 2014 CITATION Off19 \l 1033 (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2019). CITATION For15 \l 1033 (Ford, 2015) notes that COPD will move from the sixth leading cause of death worldwide in 1990, to the third in 2020. To reverse this trend, health promotion is imperative. A health promotion approach for COPD must account for gender and demographic prevalence. To non-smokers, COPD is more prevalent to women than men CITATION Esm16 \l 1033 (Fuller-Thomson, Chisholm, & Brennenstuhl, 2016). Additionally, minority groups especially Black Americans have a higher likelihood of getting COPD than whites. CITATION Esm16 \l 1033 (Fuller-Thomson, Chisholm, & Brennenstuhl, 2016) found out that ‘black women had the highest rate of self-reported COPD diagnosis at 7%, higher than the rate among white women at 5.2%, white men at 2.9%, and black men at 2.4%.’ The reason for the prevalence of COPD to certain population stems from socioeconomic factors. CITATION Amb18 \l 1033 (Ambrosino & Bertella, 2018) suggested the following Lifestyle interventions in prevention and comprehensive management of COPD. Each of the interventions they recommended is framed in a health promotion perspective to elucidate some of the ways...
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