The cause of Lung Damage from Vaping. Health & Medicine Essay

AFTER carefully reading the information and expectations for Formal Writing Artifact 5 on the Assignment page for the artifact, and after reviewing the work you've done for Artifact 3 (annotated bibliography) and Artifact 4 | Parts One & Two, begin planning your draft for Formal Writing Artifact 5.
Submit an OUTLINE for your draft which articulates the structure and organization of your essay. While your outline should be complete (representing the whole paper) and detailed (with aspects of the argument identified - as explained in the expectations for the assignment), it IS NOT the same thing as a rough draft. I want to see that you have thought about and planned for the flow and structure of your essay. While I've provided a general outline below as a guide for getting started, your outline should provide more detail and be tailored for your topic, research and information.
There should be 3 main SECTIONS in your piece. That does not mean 3 paragraphs. Each section should include multiple paragraphs.
I. Introduction (Establishes the rhetorical situation, the context, helps the reader understand what this is about)
A. Grab your reader's attention
B. Introduce the topic (may include aspects of the purpose and question)
C. Claim (challenge statement)
II. Body (Provides the evidence and reasoning, explains what we know about the problem, as well as how we know it's a problem and why it's a problem)
A. Explanation 1 (evidence & reasoning for first appeal / rationale)
B. Explanation 2 (evidence & reasoning for second appeal / rationale)
C. Explanation 3 (evidence & reasoning for third appeal / rationale)**
III. Conclusion (use this part of your paper to quickly review what you've said previously; provide resolution...what choices does society have for addressing this problem, what potential courses of action could we take, which one is best, and why is it so; and to remind us why it is important that we solve this problem)
For informational purpose only:
ASSIGNMENT PAGE: Formal Writing Artifact 5 | Argument Final Draft (Read this 1st)
Overview:
This artifact should bring together things you've been reading about and practicing throughout the course: writing as part of inquiry and dialogue, formulating questions to guide your research and writing, careful analysis of the written work of others, developing a claim about a particular topic, assembling evidence to support a claim, using reasoning to explain the meaning of that evidence and to address counterarguments, and, now, organizing it all into a coherent and complete "argument". It should also bring together the research, reading, note-taking, thinking, analyzing, and drafting you've been doing in the last couple of artifacts (and perhaps beyond).
Remember...
...Your course textbook addresses the concepts of CLAIM, EVIDENCE and REASONING.
Remember that a CLAIM is essentially your answer to a question you've asked about a topic. This question is what has been driving your research about a particular topic. In one of the examples I used in Artifact 4 (Arizona's Environmental Concerns and Poor Air Quality), there are several questions I could pursue to drive my investigation: what factors contribute to the 'brown cloud' that hangs over Phoenix, which valley-dwellers see during the winter months; what human behaviors, choices or actions contribute to Phoenix's poor air quality; why do Phoenix city officials declare "no burn days" during certain times of the year. The challenge statement I provided as an example in Artifact 4 becomes my CLAIM (answers a guiding question, acts as a thesis statement and the focus of my inquiry and my writing piece): During the winter holiday season, many Arizonans build fires in fireplaces and outdoor fire pits as part of family traditions and celebrations, all of which contribute to an inversion layer over the valley, compromising air quality.
The EVIDENCE is the information you gather from research and can include data, anecdotes, observations, facts, statistics, etc. It must be appropriate, relevant, and sufficient enough to support your CLAIM. It should help you address how you know that what you said in your CLAIM is true. The credibility and integrity of your writing piece rests largely on the type of evidence you provide. Rants and personal observations, conjectures, opinions will not win over a reader. Using authoritative, expert, valid, credible outside sources is imperative. And citing those sources properly gives your reader confidence that you've done quality work in researching.
REASONING is the justification that connects your EVIDENCE to your CLAIM. It explains why the EVIDENCE supports your CLAIM and why it is sufficient and appropriate to do so. This is what makes your writing piece more than just a list of one fact after another. The REASONING is really the writer doing his / her work as a writer, it is organizing and assembling the evidence into a coherent argument.
A Solid Argument Means...
...Keeping in mind concepts from your textbook including using reliable sources, addressing counterarguments and making concessions, summarizing & synthesizing, writing introductions and conclusions, developing body paragraphs, appeals to pathos, ethos, and logos, etc.
...And adhering to the writing process; careful and thorough research; and appropriate documentation and formatting. Make sure that you’re making the most of opportunities and resources that have been provided to you. I expect that most of you will write this artifact about the same issue you've been researching and working on for most of the class. While the topic for this artifact (as it has been articulated previously, for Artifacts 3 and 4) remains your choice, it is important that this writing piece NOT be simply a rant on an issue you care about. To be an academic writer, you must not only be able to provide evidence to support your claim, but you must often suspend your own opinions in the face of research and substantial counter arguments. It must be thoroughly researched, carefully organized, thoughtfully developed and written, and appropriately formatted. Apply the strategies, resources and information from the course to do this as you develop a comprehensive research piece, which uses a CLAIM - EVIDENCE - REASONING format to:
analyze an authentic and contemporary problem or issue,
provide insight on current state,
introduce potential courses of action, and
provide a recommendation to address the problem that is supported with evidence and reasoning.
Technical Expectations:
This artifact is an essay.
As always, your artifact must demonstrate thorough and appropriate use of APA guidelines for formatting the document (including but not limited to the title page, headers, page numbers, abstract, spacing, margins), text citations, and the References page.
It must be written in 3rd person.
Artifacts must be reasonably free of errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, word usage, etc., reflecting careful and thorough revision and editing.
Artifacts should be carefully organized and thorough.
Artifacts should be no less than 2500 words.
References page should represent usage of at least 7 CREDIBLE & AUTHORITATIVE sources.