VISIPAQUE Iodixanol Injection for Contrast Media

VISIPAQUE Iodixanol Injection for Contrast Media
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VISIPAQUE Injection
VISIPAQUE injection is a brand of contrast media that can be utilized for diagnostic procedures. This enhances x-ray quality, particularly of the internal organs, by augmenting the details of various structures within the body. This can be used to analyze the details of the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems. It is authorized in radiology clinics and hospitals when it is solely given via the intravenous route. Therefore, pharmaceuticals can only be given with the physician's prescription CITATION NPS20 \l 13321 (NPS, 2020).
Active Ingredient
Iodixanol, the active ingredient, prevents the x-rays from appearing opaque on radiographic imaging. This contains iodine, which darkens the details, leading to correct emphasis. The contrast is directly proportional to the volume of Iodixanol injected, and the length of visualization is dependent on the patient's volume of distribution and elimination (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2021).
Concentration
This can be administered with concentrations of 270 and 320mg per mL and 550 and 642 mg per mL of organically bound iodine and Iodixanol, respectively CITATION FDA07 \l 13321 (FDA, 2017).
Uses, Indications, and Modalities
This can be used in intra-arterial and intravenous procedures for both children and adult populations. The intra-arterial procedures include angiocardiography, visceral arteriography, and digital subtraction angiography, while the intravenous procedures involve peripheral venography, computed tomography (CT), coronary CT angiography (CCTA), and excretory urography CITATION FDA07 \l 13321 (FDA, 2017).
For intravenous contrast administration in children twelve years and above and the adult population should follow the following recommendations: 1) For head CT scan, do a bolus infusion of 75 to 150 mL and for both 270 and 320mg iodine/mL and infuse 100 to 150mL for body CT scan.; 2) For excretory urography in patients with normal renal function, infuse 1 mL/kg for both dosages.; 3) Infusion shall be done separately per extremity in venography. This is only applicable for 270mg iodine/mL. Infuse 50-150mL solution.; 4) Bolus injection or tracking shall be used for CCTA. This is only applicable for 320mg iodine/mL. Infuse this for 4 to 7 mL per second with a maximum dose of 150mL CITATION FDA07 \l 13321 (FDA, 2017).
Precautions and Contraindications
VISIPAQUE is absolutely contraindicated for intrathecal use because it has shown adverse effects such as induction of seizures, comatose state, cerebral hemorrhage, brain edema, acute renal failure, paralysis, hyperthermia, and rhabdomyolysis CITATION FDA07 \l 13321 (FDA, 2017). Some of its relative contraindications include hypersensitivity and cardiovascular reactions, which may induce hemodynamic and biochemical instability (i.e., anaphylactic and hemorrhagic shock) CITATION Dai19 \l 13321 (Daily Med, 2019).
Technical Factors and Route of Administration
Before administration, a proper assessment must be conducted to recognize the patient's risk factors and comorbidities, and the patient must be well-hydrated. The health provider shall utilize p...