Instability and Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa

Instability and Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of International Organizations in Ending Violence Against Women and Children. Case Study: Central Africa Republic and The Democratic Republic of Congo
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Abstract
Over fifty coups have occurred in Africa since the early 1960s, when most African countries gained independence. This rise in political deterioration has dramatically impacted economic growth. Central African Republic (CAR) and The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have had multiple coups in their history since they attained independence. The nature of these conflicts and the reasons behind wars often appear as unique and unsolvable phenomena. However, considering the cost of warfare and the aftermath, reconstruction is needed, ultimately putting war as the least favorable means to resolve disputes. There are five reasons for conflicts escalating into violence: warring nations, street-level gangs, ethnic divisions, religious sects, and political factions. It should be noted that conflicts are not mere products of errors or emotional reactions but are profoundly influenced by underlying strategic, ideological, and institutional forces that frequently go unnoticed. In the quest for peace, societies can quell and terminate violence by addressing the five drivers of conflict and advocating for a shift in incentives away from violence and towards peaceful negotiation. Even entities such as gangs and other violent groups can be persuaded to embrace peace when the appropriate incentives are implemented. However, this agreement can only be achieved through pragmatic adjustments rather than radical overhauls.
Purpose Statement and Significance
Persistent instability and violence in Sub-Saharan Africa have disproportionately affected women and children, leading to internal displacement, food shortages, and malnutrition in Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. This research investigates the role of international organizations in ending this violence, focusing on support for survivors and government protection. The study contributes to conflict resolution, human rights, and governance discussions in conflict-affected regions, guiding potential policy and intervention strategies.
Research Question
What are the roles of international organizations in preventing atrocities against women and children in war-laden zones like DRC and CAR?
Broad Objective
To find out the roles of international organizations in preventing atrocities against women and children in war-laden zones like DRC and CAR.
Specific Objectives
To find out the effectiveness of international organizations in providing support and services to women and children in the CAR and DRC
To determine the challenges and impediments that international organizations encounter while working to protect women and children from violence in these volatile regions/
To find out the strategies and enhancements that can be recommended to augment the efficacy of international organizations in curbing violence against women and children in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Research Questions
How do international organizations engage in efforts to combat violence...